Superheater boiler



Oct. 4, 1932. D. s. JACOBUS SUPERHEATER BOILER Original Filed July 20, 1922 3 Sheet- INVENTOR 1932- D. s. JACOBUS SUPERHEATER BOILER 5 eet S-Sheet 2 Original Filed July 20, 1922 INVENTOR L M ATTORNEYS Oct. 4, 1932.

D. s. JACOBUS SUPERHEATER BOILER Original Filed July 20, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet ENTOR MGWZQ ATTORNEYS uneven snares time? arena DAVID S. JACOB'US, E JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, 'ASSIGNOE TO THE BAIBCOCK & WILCOX COMPANY, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY surnmina'rna BOILER.

Application filed July 20, 1922, Seria1 No. 576,183. Renewed July 5, 1929.

My present invention relates to steamboilers provided with superheaters and willbe best understood from the followingde'scrip .tion and. the annexed drawings, in'which 13 Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevationof I have adapted for purposes of illustratio' and embodyingmy invention; Fig. 2-1s"%a partial view similar to Fig. 1 and showing .10 a modification; Fig. 3 is a section similar to Fig.1 and showing another arrangement'of my invention; Fig. 4 1s a section on the'line 4-4 of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a vertical section of another type of boiler in which I have embodied my invention.

'Like reference characters indicate like parts in the several views.

Referring first to the form of my invention shown in Fig. 1, the illustrative type of boiler has uptake headers 10 and downtake headers 11 connected to,a steam and water drum 12, the headers being connected by horizontally inclined water tubes in'rows in the usual manner and divided into an upper bank 13 and a lower bank 14 with a space between the banks. A. longitudinal bafile 15 extends from the downtake headers 11 along the lowermost row of water tubes toward the uptake headers 10 but stopping short thereof to form a gas passage. Above the lowermost row of tubes in the upper bank 13 is a longitudinalbaflie 16 located between the headers and spaced from each of them. From the left-hand end of the bafile 16 is a 33 cross bafile 17 and cross baiiles 18 and 19 are outlet 20.

In the space between the banks of tubes and between the bafiles 15'and 16 is a superheater' which, in the form illustrated, is of the usual U-tube type having tubes 24 connected to baffle 19 and the flue leading to the main gas.

headers 25 and 26. lhe superheater tubes are shown supported by rods 27, 28 connected to v the lower end of the cross-bafie 18. Saturat-' ed steam from the drum 12 passes through the I jcurved pipe 26 (the upper curve of which is a well-known typeof water-tube boiler which b roken away in Fig. 1) to the inlet header and thencefthrough the superheater tubes "tothe'aoutlet' header 25 and its outlet connection25". A separate saturated steam outlet "12.. having a valve 13 may be provided in the drum 12.

The furnace gases are directed By the baf- He 15 toward the ends of the tubes adjacent the uptake headers 10 and if the damper 23 is closed, they will all pass upward through gases, depending on the degree to which the damper 23 is opened, will pass into the space between the baflles 15 and 16 across the entire width of the boiler from the left-hand end 'thereof down across the superheater tubes 24 and out of the chamber formed between the baflies 15 and 16 through the space between the right-hand end of the bafile 16 and the down take headers 11 and from thence across the lower ends of the upper bank of water tubes .past the damper 23 to the gas outlet.

Preferably, the baflies 15 and 16 will ex tend entirely across the boiler setting, so that the gases which flow through the superheater chamber are 'taken from the entire width of the furnace, so that there is no unbalancing which might occur if the gases were taken from one side only or from a given portion widthwise of the furnace. By

operating the damper 23, the quantity of gases which will flow over the superheater may be regulated so that the degree of superheat may be controlled.

In the operation of a steam boiler having a superheater, some of the steam generated maybe drawn from the boiler without passing through the superheater. Without provision for this condition, the temperature of the superheated steam at a given rating 65 the pass definedby the bafie 17 and the headed by regulating the amount of gases pass- 1 to the smaller quantity ing over the superheater in accordance with the proportion of saturated steam being drawn directly from the boiler. Thus, in the arrangement of Fig. 1, if the quantity of saturated steam drawn directly from the boiler through the outlet 12 by opening the valve 13'-is increased, then the damper 23 may be turned by hand in the usual manner, to decrease the flow of hot gases overthe superheater and through the pass between the baffle 19 and the headers-11 and correspondingly decrease the heat delivered of' steam flowing through the superheater.

Figure 2 shows the arrangement if the gas outlet 20 is arranged so that the gases pass oif between the nipples connecting the downtake headers 11 and the steam and water drum 12. The damper 23' controls the flow of gases over the superheater'as de scribed in connection with Fig. 1, and the damper 29 is the usual damperprovided for 7 the gases passing over water tubes.

In Figs. 3 and 4, I have shown an arrangement similar to that shown in Fig. 1, but'with the superheater arranged so as to have its tubes extending crosswise of the water tubes. The arrangement of baflles, dampers and the like are the same as in Fig. 1 and itwill be unnecessary to re-describe them. The headers 25 and 26 in the form shown in- Fig. 3 are located outside of the boiler setting and preferaby are arranged as shown, with the headers and tubes duplicated on either side so that long U-tubes are avoided. Preferably, the headers 25 and 26 are provided with. partitions,;as at 251 and 261, so that the steam entering the inlet header 25 passes through the group of i tubes 24 at the right of Fig. 3 to the header 26, thence back through the middle group of tubes 24 to the header 25 and finally back to the outlet header 26 through the left- In the arrangement shown in Fig. '5, the uptake headers 30 and downtake headers 31 i a longitudinal baflle 36 spaced from the downtake headers 31 to provide a gas passage. The cross bafile 37 is inclined to provide a gradually restricted pass across the "right-hand end of the tubes 33 and vertical baffles 38 and 39 provide cross passes, the last pass leading to the main gas outlet 40.

' Above the first and second passes of the main bank of water tubes 33 is a primary superheater having U-tubes 41 connected to cross headers in the usual way, these headers being connected to the steam and water drum 32. In the'space between the bafli es 35 and 36 is a secondary superheater having superheater tubes 42, also connected to headers extending across the boiler. 'The inlet header of the'lower superheater is connected by a pipe 43 with the'outlet header of the upper superheater. A damper 44 is provided in the gas pass formed by the baflie 39 and the downtake headers 31. The boiler is illustrated as fired by a chain-grate Stoker, the gases from which pass upward and are directed by the baflle 35 into the pass formed between the baflle 37 and the uptake headers 30 from whence they flow over the upper or primary superheater and then back and forth across 7,

the upper bank of tubes, the last pass upward being between the cross baflles 38 and 39 to the gas outlet 40. If the damper 44 is closed, all of the gases follow "the path indicated. If, on the other hand, the damper 44 is open, then some of the gases, in a ratio determined by the'amount of opening of the damper'will pass into the space between the baflles 35 and 36 and from thence into the last vertical pass at the left of Fig. 5, and past the damper 44 v to the main gas outlet. In the arrangement described, the regulation ofthe damper 44 will control the degree of superheat'to be obtained vin the' secondary superheater. The. steam from the steam and water drum 32 will first be superheated in the primary-superheater 41 by gases which are of comparatively low temperature because of their having assed once across the. entire bank of tubes.

he steam from the primary superheater will then pass into the secondary superheaterwhere the temperature of the steam will be raised by the hot gases taken substantially directly from the furnace and passed over the superheater tubes 42, the quantity of these gases being regulated by the damper 44.

In each embodiment of my invention, it will be seen that the gases passing over the superheater located among the water tubes aeaaaa heater chamber, whichyof course, will have' considerable heat therein, will flow uniformly over the ends of all of the water tubes, so

, that there is no tendency to heat the tubes on one side of the boiler differently from those on the other side, as might be the case if all of the gases from the superheater chamber are directed against some of the tubes at one side of the boiler only. By the arrangement shown in Fig. 5, a large amount of superheating surface may be supplied for the primary superheating of the steam, and then a relatively small amount subjected to relatively hot gases will raise. the steam to the desired degree of superheat which may be controlled by the damper 44.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art, that all of the dampers shown in the illustrative embodiments may be operated from the exterior of the boiler in the manner commonly used.

While preferably the water chambers at each end of the water tubes are made up of continuous chamber.

While I have shown my invention applied to boilers of certain type, it will be understood that its application may be widely varied.

I claim I 1. In combination, a water-tube boiler having rows of horizontally inclined water tubes connected at either end by water chambers, a main gas outlet, a superheater located between some of the rows of said tubes, a longitudinalbaflie arranged to compel all of the gases to flow from the furnace toward the high ends of the watertubes and' a set of bafllesto direct some of the gases from the tween some of the rows of said-tubes, a longitudinal baflle arranged to compel all of the gases to flow from the furnace toward the a plurality of headers, it will be understood high ends of the water, tubes and a set of baffles to direct some of the gases from the furnace back and forth across the tubes to v the main gas outlet, some of the bafies of said set being-also arranged to direct the remainder of the gases over the superheater in a direction longitudinal of the water tubes and then to the main gas outlet, and a damper to regulate the fiowof gases over the superheater. f F

3. In combination, a-water-tube boiler having rows of horizontally inclined water tubes connected at either end by water chambers, a main gas outlet, a superheater chamber between someof the rows of water tubes and extending from side to side of the boiler, a.

superheater in said chamber, bafiles to direct some of the furnace gases overwater tube surface only, to the main gas-outlet and the superheater chamber having an inlet opening at the end away from the low ends of the water tubes and substantially as wide as the boiler and an outlet flue at the'end adjacent the low ends of the tubes and leading to the main gasoutlet, whereby the remainder of the furnace gases may pass through the chamber in a directionlongitudinal-ofthe ,fi'water tubes, and adamperfto regulate the that have flowed over thespperheater'tothe gas outlet being independent ofthose' flowing over theboiler tubs'byond said superheater.

4. In combination, a water-tube boiler hav ing rows of horizontally inclined water tubes connected at either end by waterchambers, a main gas outlet, a primary superheater located above the tubes, a secondary superheater located between some of the rows of tubes and connected to the primary superheater,-bafiles to direct some of the furnace gases over water tubesurface and the 'primary superheater to the main gas outlet, and means to direct a regulated portion of the furnace gases over the secondary superheater to the main gas outlet.

5. Awater-tube boilersuperheaterlocated in a relatively, cool zone and a secondary superheater located ina relatively .hot zone connected together in series with reference to the flow of steam, and means to direct a portion of the furnace gasesover the primary superheater and an other )ortion over-the secondary superheater.

water-tube boiler having a primary an gether and to theboiler, means to direct a portion of the furnace gases over the pri-- mary superheater and another portion over the secondary superheater, and means whereby the "ratio of the two portions may be regulhted.

7. A water-tube boiler having a primary [and a secondary superheater connected together and to the boiler, and means to direct having a primarya secondary superheater connected toa Q flow of gases through said chamber, the gases r I a portion of the furnace gases over the prioutlet, and a dam mary superheater and another portion over the secondary superheater, the boiler and the superheaters being arranged so that the path of the gases from the boiler furnace to the primary superheater has more of the boiler tubes therein than the path of the gases from the boiler furnace to the secondary superheater, whereby the secondary superheater will be subjected to the hotter gases.

8. A water-tube boiler having a primary and a secondary superheater connected together and to the boiler, means to direct a portion of the furnace gases over the primary superheater and another portion over the secondary superheater, and means whereby the ratio of the two portions may be regulated, the boiler and the superheaters being arranged so that the path of the gases from theboiler furnace to the primary superheater has more of the boiler tubes therein than the path of the gases from'the boiler furnace to the secondary superheater, whereby the secondary superheater will be subjected to the hotter gases.

9. A water tube boiler having aprimary and secondary superheater, atleast one of which is located within the boiler setting,

said superheaters being connectedin tandemwith the steam passing from the steam drum through one superheater to the other superheater, and means for varying the flow of gases over at least one of said superheaters.

10. In combination, a water tube. boiler having a bank of tubes arranged in rows and connected at eitherend .by water chambers, a main gas outlet, a1 superheater located between some of the rows ofsaidtubes, a

. longitudinal bafile arranged to compel all of the gases to flow from the furnace toward one end of said bank, a set of battles to direct va portion of the gases from the furnace back and forth across the tubes of said bank and towards said main gas outlet, some of the baflles of said set being also arranged'to direct another portion of the gases over the superheater in a direction longitudinal of the water tubes and then to the main gas per to regulate the flow of gases over the superheater.

11. In combination, a water tube boiler having rows of horizontally inclined water tubes connected at either end-by water chambers, a main gas outlet, a primary superheater located above the tubes, a secondary superheater located between some of the rows of tubes and connected in series with the primary superheater, baflles to direct some of the furnace gases over water tube surface and the primary superheater to the main gas outlet, and means y to direct'a regulated portion of the furnace gases over the secondary superheater-to the main gas outlet.

12. A water tube boiler having a primary superheater connected to the boiler and a secondary superheater connected in series with the primary superheater, and means to direct a portion of the furnace gases over the primary superheater and from thence to the boiler waste gas outlet without contacting with the secondary superheater, and to direct the remainder of the furnace gases over the secondary superheater and from thence to the superheater connected to the boiler and a secondary superheater connected in series with the primary superheater, means to direct a. portion of the furnace gases over the primary superheater and from thence to the .boiler waste gas outlet without contacting 'with the secondary superheater, and to direct the remainder of the furnace gases over the secondary superheater and from thence to ,the gas outlet without contacting with the primary superheater, and means whereby the ratio of the two portions of gas may be regulated, the boiler and the su erheaters being arranged so that the secon ry superheater will be subjected to the hotter gases.

-14. A water tube boiler having a plurality of superheaters arranged in tandem relation, both said superheaters being subjected to heat from the same source and one of said superheaters being in a more highly heated region than another, and means for varying the amount of heat received by at least one of said superheaters. I

15. A water tube boiler having a plurality of superheaters located within the boiler setting and arranged in tandem relation to each other, .one of said superheaters being in a more highly heated region than ,another, and means for varying the amount of heat re ceived by at least one of said superheaters.

16. A water tube boiler having a plurality of superheaters arranged in tandem relation to each other with one superheater in. a hotter region than another, all of said superheaters being located within the boiler setting, and a control device for varying the amount of heat received by the superheater which is in the hotter region..

17. A water tube boiler having a lurality of superheaters subjected to heat rom the same source of heat and arranged in tandem relation, 'at least one of said superheaters being located in the boiler setting, one of neeaass superheater and from thence to the boiler waste gas outlet without contacting with the secondary superheater, and to' direct the remainder of the furnace gases over the second ary superheater and from thence to the gas outlet without contacting with the primary superheater, and means whereby the ratio 7 of the two portions of gas may be regulated. 20. A water tube boiler having a primary and a secondary superheater'connected together and to the boiler, and means to direct a portion of the furnace gases at a relatively low temperature over the primary superheater and the remainder at a-relat ively high temperature over the secondary superheater only and longitudinally of said secondary superheater. v

21. A water tube boiler having a' primary and a secondary superheater connected to gether and to. the boiler, at least one of said superheaters being located 'in a zone of greater heat than the other, means to direct a portion of the furnace gases over the primary superheater and the remainder over the secondary superheater to the exclusion of ,the primary superheater, and means to regulate the ratio of gases passing over the respective superheaters.

22. A water tube boiler having a primary and a secondary superheater connected togethcr and to the boiler, at least one of said superheaters being located in a zone of eater heat than the other, and means to irect a portion of the furnace gases over the 7 primary superheater and the remainder over heat than the other, and meansto direct a perheaters being located 'a're'latively cool portion of the furnacegases over; the first superheater and the remainder over the second superheater to the exclusion of the first, or to direct all of said gases over one'of said superheaters.

V 24. A water tube boiler comprising two superheaters connected together in series with reference to the-flow of steam, one of said su-' zone and the other in a relatively hot zone, and means to direct one portion of the furnace gases over one of said superheate'rs, and another portion over the other'superheater.

25., In a steam boiler, a primary superheater located in a relatively cool zoneand connected to and receiving steam from said boiler, a secondary superheater located in a relatively hot zone and connected in series with said primary superheater with refer ence to the flow of steam, the gases flowing over both the primary and the secondary superheate'rs,-' and means whereby'the ratio of the gases 'flowing over the respective super- ,heate rs may be varied.

26.'-In1combination, a water tube boiler hayingrows of horizontally inclined water tubes connectedat either end by water chambers, a main gas outlet, a superheater, means for directing a' portion of the main gas stream'over boiler tubes to the gas outlet, and means for directing another portion of the'gases over-the superheater to said gas outletaand' independentlyof said first-named portion of the gas stream, the entrance for the gases to the superheater extending from side to side of the boiler.

27: In combination, a water tube boiler having rows of horizontally inclined water tubes'connected at either end by water cham-.

bers, a main gas outlet, a superheater located between some of the rows of said tubes,

'means. for directing a portion of the main gas stream over boiler tubes to the gas outlet, and means for directing another portion I of the gases over, thesuperheater to said gas outlet and independently of said first-named portion of the gas stream, the entrance for the gases to the super-heater extending fromi a side to side of the boiler.

28. In combination, a water tube boiler having rows of horizontally inclined water tubesconnected at either end by water chamhers, a main gas outlet, a superheater, means for directing a portion of the main gas stream over boiler tubes to the gas outlet,

means for directing another portion of the gases over the superheater to said gas outlet and independently of said first-named portion of the gas stream, and means for varying the relative amounts of gases flowing over said. boiler tubes and over said superheater, the entrance for the gases to the superheater extending from side to side of the boiler. 7 1 Q 29. In combination, a water tube boiler having rows of'horizon'tally inclined water tubes connected at either endrby water chambers, a main gas outletva superheater, means for directing "a portion of the main gas stream over boiler tubes to the gas outlet, means for directing another portion of the gases over the superheater to said gas outlet and "independently of said first-named portio'n'of the gas stream, and a damper for regulating the relative amounts of gases flowing over said boiler tubes and over said superheater, the entrance for the gases to thesuperheater extending from side to side of the boiler.

30. In combination, a .water tube boiler having rows of horizontally inclined water tubes connected at either end by water chambers, a main gas outlet, a superheater located between some of the rows of said tubes,

means for directing a major portion of the. main gas stream beyond said superheater back and forth across boiler tubes to said gas outlet, means for directing a minor portion of the gases over the superheater to said gas outlet and independently of said ma or portion of the gas stream, and means for varying the relative amounts of gases flowing over said boiler tubes and over said superheater, the entrance for the gases to i the superheater extending from side to side of the boiler. g

316 In combination, a water tube boiler having rows of horizontally inclined water tubes connected at either end by water chambers, a main gas Joutlet, a superheater, means for directing the main gas stream over boiler tubes, the main stream then dividing, the major portion thereof flowing back and forth .over other boiler tubes-to the main gas outlet, and a minor portion thereof flowing over the 'superheater to the main boiler 01ft- M I let and independently of the said major por having rows of horizontall tion, and means for varying the relative amounts of gases flowing over said boiler, tubes and over said superheater, the entrance'for the gases to the superheater extending from side to side of the boiler.

32. In combination, a water tube boiler inclined, water tubes connected at either on by water chambers, said rows beingdivided into banks with 'a space between the banks, a superheater located in said space and at one end thereof, a main gas outlet, a longitudinal baflle extending from one 'of'the water chambers along the tubes below the superheater and arranged to compel all 0 the gases to flow from the furnace toward the high ends of the water tubes, baflles including cross baflles and a.

longitudinal baflle extending along the water tubes above the superheater to direct some of V the gases back and forth across the water tubes to the main 'gas outlet, the main gas stream flowing over; boiler tubes and their dividing, a major portion flowing back and forth across the remaining boiler tubes to said gas outlet, and a. minor portion flowing over the superheater to the main gasoutlet and independently of the portion flowing back and forth across boiler tubes.

DAVID s. AooBUs; 

